SYST10049 Webdev Midterm Review
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Week 1
HTTP and HTML
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is responsible for fetching the HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) from the server to our browser so we can view the webpage.
When we click on a line, the browser connects to a DNS (Domain Name Server) server to determine what the IP address is of the host we want to fetch the page from
Once we have that IP address, we can talk directly to the host
The TCP layer sends a request for the page to the TCP layer of the host
This request is carried to the host by the IP layer
The host TCP layer receives the request and packages up the page into packets that the IP layer sends back.
The browser receives this page from the TCP layer and begins rendering the page
What is CSS3?
CSS3 - Cascading Style Sheets 3
rd
version
CSS is used to format our content so that it looks pretty.
HTML is never used to format content.
However, it does have a default style sheet if no CSS is provided.
CSS is never used to describe content.
HTML is important to ensure that our content is organized and can be indexed by search engines.
HTML5
Hyper Text Markup Language, 5
th
version
HTML contains the
content
that we wish to display
HTML 5 is a markup language
Everything is enclosed in tags
HTML describes the content that we are creating.
Week 2
Anatomy of an HTM Element
A HTML element is made up of a start and end tag.
An anchor tag allows us to display hyperlinks to other pages.
The href attribute is used to specify the URL of the page the link goes to.
Meta tags are often used to assist in SEO (search engine optimiztion) or screen readers
Containers
The html element:
is a container that contains all of the html elements in our page.
The head element:
is a container that contains all of the administrative data required by our page.
The body element:
contains all of the content that will be display in our webpage.
DIV:
are generic block level containers that can contain any elements we chose and tend to use it to group items for the purpose of formatting them in CSS.
SPAN:
are generic inline containers that can contain what we chose. It does not start a new line unlike DIV.
Semantic vs Non-Semantic Tags
DIV and SPAN are generic containers that do not describe anything about themselves. (They do not provide any metadata). They are non-semantic tags.
Semantic tags have meaning. They tell us about what is stored inside of them.
Examples of semantic tags include: header, nav, section, article, footer.
Using semantic tags is important for SEO (search engine optimization) and accessibility (screen readers).
Week 3
Absolute vs Relative Addressing
Absolute:
Provides full path to the resource, starting from the root
Works anywhere because it is globally referenced (starts at the root)
Not affected by what folder your file is currently in
Includes protocol; begins with a /
Relative:
Points to a file relative to the current document's location
Same folder - about.html
Subfolder - folder/about.html
Parent folder - ../about.html